Its population passed one million people by the end of the 1st century BC. In Africa, Lagos, Nigeria has grown from 300,000 in 1950 to an estimated 21 million today.įor almost five hundred years, Rome was the largest, wealthiest, and most politically important city in Europe. Over 90% of the urban population of Ethiopia, Malawi and Uganda, three of the world's most rural countries, already live in slums.īy 2025, Asia alone will have at least 30 megacities, including Mumbai, India (2015 population of 20.75 million people), Shanghai, China (2015 population of 35.5 million people), Delhi, India (2015 population of 21.8 million people), Tokyo, Japan (2015 population of 38.8 million people) and Seoul, South Korea (2015 population of 25.6 million people). By 2030, over 2 billion people in the world will be living in slums. In many poor countries, overcrowded slums exhibit high rates of disease due to unsanitary conditions, malnutrition, and lack of basic health care. One billion people, almost one-seventh of the world's population, now live in shanty towns. Surveys and projections indicate that all urban growth over the next 25 years will be in developing countries. This increase will be most dramatic on the least-urbanized continents, Asia and Africa. The UN forecasts that today's urban population of 3.2 billion will rise to nearly 5 billion by 2030, when three out of five, or sixty percent, of people will live in cities. In 1950, there were 83 cities with populations exceeding one million by 2007, this number had risen to 468. In 1800, only 3% of the world's population lived in cities, a figure that rose to 47% by the end of the twentieth century. In the mid 1970s the term was coined by urbanist Janice Perlman referring to the phenomenon of very large urban agglomerations. Initially the United Nations used the term to describe cities of 8 million or more inhabitants, but now uses the threshold of 10 million. The term "megacity" entered common use in the late 19th or early 20th centuries one of the earliest documented uses of the term was by the University of Texas in 1904. Some sources identify Tokyo's Greater Tokyo Area as the largest megacity in the world, while some others give the title to Pearl River Delta. African megacities are present in Nigeria, Egypt, South Africa, and the DRC European megacities are present in Russia, France, the United Kingdom, and Turkey (also in Asia) megacities can be found in Latin America in the countries of Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Peru, and Argentina. The other four countries with more than one megacity are Brazil, Japan, Pakistan, and the United States. About half these urban agglomerations are in China and India. The total number of megacities in the world varies between different sources: The world had 33 according to the UN (in 2018), 45 according to (in 2023), and 44 according to Demographia (in 2022). The terms conurbation, metropolis, and metroplex are also applied to the latter. Others list cities satisfying criteria of either 5 or 8 million and also having a population density of 2,000 per square kilometre. ![]() A University of Bonn report held that they are "usually defined as metropolitan areas with a total population of 10 million or more people". Precise definitions vary: the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs in its 2018 "World Urbanization Prospects" report counted urban agglomerations having over 10 million inhabitants. A megacity is a very large city, typically with a population of more than 10 million people.
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